“But rules cannot substitute for character.”
Alan
Greenspan (US Federal Reverse Chairman, retired)
When
we think about sport the words that immediately come to mind are sportsmanship,
respect, fair play, integrity and clean competition. In fact, the various
sports governing bodies have ethics that are meant to set the standards and
uphold the integrity and reputation of the sport they are meant to champion and
steward. And they have a code of conduct tied to their mission and intent. Here
are a couple of lines from FIFA, NFL and the ICC, respectively:
“FIFA is constantly striving to protect the image
of football, and especially that of FIFA, from jeopardy or harm as a result of
illegal, immoral or unethical methods and practices...”
“All persons associated with the NFL are required
to avoid "conduct detrimental to the integrity of and public confidence in
the National Football League."
“The overriding objectives of the Code are to
enhance the reputation of the ICC, to foster public confidence in the ICC’s
governance and administration of the sport of cricket worldwide and in
particular to strengthen its authority to deal with corruption.”
All
of their codes and rules sound rather impressive, and reading through any of
them might leave one with the impression that these organisations hold
themselves, their executives and players, to a high standard of excellence and
integrity. These standards serve to enhance the reputation of their respective
sports and set an example for the rest of us, most importantly for all the
young impressionable minds that form the largest audience and fan base for
them. I am referring to some the most iconic, powerful and recognisable sports
governing bodies in the world from the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to
Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA); bodies that have been entrusted with furthering the growth and development of sport in a manner that
is meant to always put the good of the sport and its athletes ahead of all
other interests - personal, business or otherwise. Major sporting events often
form the only common ground between sworn enemies, and also the glue that cuts
across ethnic divisions within every nation. One cannot underestimate the
importance of sport in our world. Where else would we see Iran take on the USA
or a divided Afghanistan come together to root for their cricket team? In a
world more divided and more divisive than ever before, sport has become the
healthiest bond between societies, and a source of national pride and identity
for legions of fans. This is the responsibility with which these men have been
entrusted.
Not
only are the men in charge of these governing bodies powerful in the world of
sports, but also today many are counted among the most influential men in the
world because of the nexus between business and sport. Sepp Blatter, the four
consecutive terms President of FIFA, made #69 on the Forbes’ list of the most
Powerful People for 2013. “Blatter is only the 8th President to have
served in the more than 100 years of FIFA’s existence” (Source: Forbes). With all this influence and absolute power, it is
no wonder that these organisations operate more like the mafia than a charity.
For the recently concluded World Cup, FIFA demanded that the Brazilian
government change a decade old law banning the sale of beer in stadiums because
Budweiser was a major sponsor (Source: Latin Post). “Brazil spent an astounding $11
billion to host the FIFA tournament. FIFA officials have to be treated like
royalty, and there have been accusations of bribery and other forms of
corruption...and according to Brazil's Internal Revenue Service, FIFA is
getting tax exemptions worth nearly $250 million dollars. Other estimates are
even higher.” (Source: CNN). Also, there has been much media attention focused on
how Qatar won the bid to host the 2022 World Cup. Qatar is a desert nation that
has no football team much less a league to speak of, and temperatures that
routinely cross 117 degrees Fahrenheit in the summer, when the event is
scheduled. So far the fallout has been just one FIFA official, Jack Warner,
resigning, and this only after the media released a tape of him encouraging
FIFA officials to accept bribes ahead of the voting process for awarding the
2022 World Cup.
Something
people may not be aware of is that all these sports organisations hold
tax-exempt status. Yes you heard me right – these multi-billion dollar, for
profit enterprises, have tax exempt status. The latest World Cup in Brazil
generated more than $4 billion in revenue for FIFA. This is on top of declared
cash reserve they have of $1.4 billion (source: Forbes Article). The IOC generated $5 billion in revenue
between 2009 and 2012. The NFL generates close to $10 billion annually, the
Professional Golf Association (PGA) tour nearly $1 billion (source: CNN article). The National Hockey League (NHL) reported
record earnings of $3.7 billion this past season (source: CBS Sports Article). The Board of Control for Cricket in
India (BCCI) recently joined the league of wealthiest sporting bodies in the
world, with revenues of $1 billion for 2011-12 (source: Financial Express). All these sports organisations have
been given tax exempt status, somewhat similar to charities, because they are
considered private organisations whose primary purpose is to further the
industry or profession they represent. They are similar to a local chamber of
commerce or the hotel and restaurant industry associations. However, one
fundamental difference is that many if these sports bodies have the right to
represent countries on the international stage, and they also avail of tax
payer funded facilities like stadiums and other public sporting infrastructure
without paying for it. The BCCI in India has steadfastly refused to come under
the purview of the Right to Information Act (RTI) on the grounds that it is a
private body with charitable institution status.
Here
in America, the NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell, who incidentally was paid a $44
million salary in 2012, was recently caught on the wrong side of a domestic
abuse case involving one of the league’s star players. It seems Goodell may
have lied about information that was previously disclosed to him, in order to
cover-up the seriousness of the incident. It is possible he withheld evidence
(the player got a two game suspension for knocking out his pregnant fiancé and
then physically dragging her out of the lift unconscious) to protect the image
of the league and the massive revenues brought in from its sponsors. Turns out
that during Mr. Goodell’s seven year plus tenure there have been more than
fifty reported incidents of domestic violence involving players and a total of
six game suspensions handed out by him; hardly the zero tolerance policy one
would expect to fit the serious nature of these crimes. Yet, Mr. Goodell has
refused to step down over his clear mishandling of a very serious matter or for
his less than stellar track record in dealing with this crime during his tenure
(Source: NYTimes).
In
India, the current ICC Chairman and BCCI President, Mr. N. Srinivasan has also
been acting with complete impunity and with total disregard for the ethics he
has sworn to uphold. He failed to act when an illegal match-fixing scandal
engulfed the Indian Premier League. This despite the fact that his own
son-in-law was indicted as one of the prime accused in the case, and it
concerned a team that he owned. The fact that the head of a governing body can
also be the owner of a team, in the league he governs, should be sufficient
grounds to disqualify him from holding any post; it is a blatant and obvious
conflict of interest. However instead of apologizing and doing the right thing,
Mr. Srinivasan has dug in his heels and unabashedly challenged anyone to oust
him. It was not until India’s Supreme Court stepped in and severely
reprimanded him that he was forced to step aside (albeit temporarily) as
President of BCCI. The court called Mr. Srinivasan’s refusal to step down
“nauseating.” Meanwhile, he has just been elected as Chairman of Cricket’s
international governing body, the ICC.
These
are just three examples from the sordid world of sports governing bodies and
the cancer that seems to plague their leaders today. Corruption seems to be
rife across the board with reports of bribery at the IOC, doping cover ups in both
baseball and cycling, and even sex and drug fueled orgies to win contracts for
Formula One racing. With the sheer amount of money being generated through
lucrative TV rights and sponsorship deals, the influence it has brought with it
has absolutely corrupted these men. Today their actions are making political
crony capitalism look like amateur stuff. There is an urgent need to save the
future of sport by cautioning and holding these men accountable for their
conduct. We need to remind them again who they are here to serve and be clear
that even as non-elected representatives their behaviour is important in
preserving sports’ reputation and integrity.
We
must all demand that these men be worthy of upholding the principles and values
of the sports they represent, and that they are able to discharge their duties
with humility, integrity and honour; always putting the good of the game ahead
of their own greed and personal ambitions. It seems all these men have
forgotten their purpose. So drunk on power have they become that they believe
they can operate with complete impunity and function with zero external
scrutiny or governance. Sport has the unique power to unite people and bring
nations together. Sport, like the eternal flame, must be the beacon of hope and
fairness in the world. With great power comes great responsibility.
